Dear Editor,
COVID-19 may lead to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring intensive care unit (ICU) support. Patients surviving respiratory distress could develop post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) that includes ICU-acquired weakness (ICUAW). Nearly 66% of COVID-19 patients have clinically important muscle weakness following discharge [1]. Therefore, communication between the critical care and rehabilitation physician is important to evaluate the physical function of COVID-19 survivors to start rehabilitation timely.
Anzeige
The comprehensive examination of muscle strength in COVID-19 is not easy. Muscle strength can be evaluated by manual muscle testing and dynamometer. Electrophysiological study is important in diagnosing critical illness neuromyopathy; however, its correlation with muscle weakness is not clear. Ultrasonography can detect atrophy and structural changes but does not correlate with muscle function [2].
Medical Research Council (MRC)-sumscore evaluates global muscle strength. Manual strength of six muscle groups (shoulder abduction, elbow flexion, wrist extension, hip flexion, knee extension, and ankle dorsiflexion) is evaluated on both sides using MRC scale. Summation of scores gives MRC-sumscore, ranging from 0 to 60. This score was developed for detecting early strength alterations in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome, especially who were bedridden and receiving artificial ventilation. The sensitivity and interobserver agreement of MRC-sumscore was demonstrated [3]. Despite its ceiling effect, this score reliably identifies significant weakness (< 48) and even better in severe weakness (< 36) [4] which is the main medical interest for treatment in ICUAW.
Handgrip strength is a rapid, simple, and objective tool that is measured by handheld dynamometer represents global muscle strength. The cutoff value for handgrip strength in critically ill patients is defined as < 11 kg force for males and < 7 kg force for females which is below that of the age- and sex-matched patients [5]. It was proposed as an alternative to MRC in ICUAW [5]. However, examination of other muscles by MRC-sumscore might give additional information since the neurological consequences of COVID-19 are not clear yet. ICUAW is more pronounced in proximal muscles; therefore, direct evaluation of proximal muscles is also valuable. MRC is associated with mortality, hospital, and ICU-free days in ICUAW more strongly than handgrip strength [5].
In conclusion, MRC-sumscore is a valid, reliable, objective, and easy method to evaluate the global muscle strength including PICS related to COVID-19. It provides beneficial information about the clinical course. Its bedside applicability without necessitating any device makes MRC-sumscore a valuable tool in the follow-up of patients with PICS.
Anzeige
Acknowledgements
Not applicable
Ethics approval and consent to participate
Not applicable
Consent for publication
Not applicable
Competing interests
No competing interest exist.
Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.